GEOGRAPHY OF UMMO
The series of letters referenced as D41, generally known as the series on "Daily Life on the Planet UMMO", consists of 16 letters and was received during 1966, the addressee being Fernando Sesma. The first of them, D41-1, begins with a series of pieces of information about the planet UMMO and the star system IUMMA. It then adds:
Our external geological structure is in every way different from that of the Earth. The oceans occupy approximately 62%. The rest is concentrated in a single continent full of great lakes, the largest of which measures 276,320 km2 (AUWOA SAAOOA). Our mountain ranges (Very eroded) hardly present rugged forms. The most important river of UMMOAA is the OAOAWA-OEW-OEWEA, 3.5 km wide at UWOSS. It flows into the lake IAWIAIA-SAAOOA. The OAK-OEI are a kind of volcano taking the form of great fissures that project an incandescent column of METHANEPENTANE-OXYGEN between 250 m and 6.7 km high. Like the OASION-OEI near the lake IA-SAAOOA, their bluish light illuminates the nights of UMMOAA in those regions. Every UIW (unit of time on UMMO equivalent to 3.1 terrestrial minutes) the great NOOLAWE laboratories launch large balloons with chemical compounds which, on coming into contact with the gigantic cataract of blue fire, burst like fireworks, offering a phantasmagorical spectacle. Inside these balloons are carried precision instruments for scientific checks.
Next we draw a sketch of our geographical configuration. On our maps the geographical names are not marked on the sketch itself, but indicated by arrows, with the lettering placed in the margin.
This sketch to which the Ummites refer, when placed in the French translation on the site www.ummo-sciences.org, was for some reason inverted and placed like this (see D41-1):

Regardless of its placement, this map had generated much controversy. Indeed, from the two following sentences: "The rest is concentrated in a single continent full of great lakes, the largest of which measures 276,320 km2 (AUWOA SAAOOA)" and "Next we draw a sketch of our geographical configuration" it had been assumed that:
It is evident that there is a contradiction.
If the radius of UMMO is, as stated in numerous letters, RU = 7,251.63 km, measured at the universal VAAUAWE level, a few calculations suffice to deduce that the surface of the planet will be approximately SU = 661,000,000 km2. Therefore the land surface, 38%, most of which corresponds to the single continent, will be SEmU = 251,000,000 km2 (For comparison, on Earth: RT = 6,370 km, ST = 510 million km2 and SEmT = 153 million km2).
But it is enough to look at the map, without needing to make any calculation, to see that the lake AUWOA SAAOOA occupies somewhat less than 10% of the surface of the continent drawn. Therefore the surface of the lake should be somewhat less than 25,000,000 km2 (10% of the surface of the continent), but we can never accept 276,320 km2as stated in the letter, since that would be an error of 10,000%.
When "Pierre Martin" received letter NR18 in 2003, it said:
I am sending you, in accordance with your request, some geographical and demographic information concerning our OUMMO. First of all I absolutely need to clear up the confusion that the map appearing in the document you classified as D41-1, in section 111/1, seems to introduce. This map does not represent our continent OUMMOAA in its entirety, but an area of approximately 2100 x 1400 kilometres containing the great equatorial peninsula (Tr. N. almost-island) called WOAROO AAXAA.
With these new data let us do a little arithmetic.
We see that the area of this lake is almost half of that attributed to AUWOA SAAOOA: 276,320 km2. (Of course, when they say "an area of approximately 2100 x 1400 kilometres", they could be referring not to the grid of planet represented -sea and land-, but only to the land area represented, and in that case it would fit that 10% of that area of 2100 x 1400 = 2,940,000 km2 would equal 294,000 km2, which comes quite close to the 276,320 km2 of letter D41-1)
We may then ask: Is this lake represented here AUWOA SAAOOA?
Letter D41-1 does not say so expressly, but in NR18 we find:
The legislative centre WOAROO AAXAA houses the seat of our council of OUMMO (OUMMOAELEWE), which is situated on the equator, to the north-east -according to the positioning of your map- of the great lake AOUWOA SAAOA. You may also notice, in the centre of this lake, the island WOABAAAE, where one can admire a great building in the shape of a translucent fire-coloured egg, devoted to meditation and religious worship.
It is evident that in this letter they are speaking of the map sent in letter D41-1 and are making it clear that the largest lake represented there is lake AUWOA SAAOA. We have reduced the order of magnitude of the contradiction, but it still exists. Could it be one more of the announced premeditated pieces of disinformation?
NR17: We shall try, as far as possible, to answer the legitimate questions raised. Be aware, however, that we reserve the right to omit some answers or to answer some questions with deviated or incomplete allegations.
Nevertheless, and leaving aside this question of the area of lake AUWOA SAAOOA, it turns out that with the receipt of this letter we have many more data on the geography of UMMO. My purpose in this study is to make a speculative reconstruction of the geography of UMMO that is at least consistent with the few data we have, even while accepting from the outset the improbability that the result may come close to the real appearance of their lands and oceans.
To begin with, and going back to the map of letter D41-1, if we give credit to letter NR18 we have:
NR18: The symbols appearing on this map are inverted in your document; the data box should appear at the top left. The inversion is attributable to a mistaken pasting of the image or to a deliberate positioning in order to obtain a reading direction placing the west on the left, in accordance with your convention and contrary to ours. The lettering and the cartographic projection are consequently inverted with respect to our usual representation, in which the upper hemisphere, which concentrates most of our continent OUMMOAA, would represent the south for you.
We therefore make this first correction and obtain (it was already like this in Juan Aguirre's compilation. I also include a frame of the map in question taken from the original letter):

Letter NR18 goes on to say:
NR18 : The geographical reference is given arbitrarily by the small circular equatorial island OUAWABAAAE mentioned on the map, crowned by a glyph (Tr. N. graph, drawing, ornament) containing a circle that symbolizes the equator. This island serves us as the origin of hour coordinates in a way entirely similar to your Greenwich meridian. OUMMO is thus divided into 25 time zones of 24 OUIW each (about 1 hour 15 minutes).
Therefore, besides inverting the map to the position already indicated, we mark in blue the zero meridian and the equator, which cross at the circular island of OUAWABAAAE

This "almost-island" WOAROO AAXAA belongs to the colony of WOAROO and forms part of the great continent OUMMOAA. Its area, according to the data already seen, will be approximately: ½ (2100 x 1400) km2 = 1,470,000 km2 (something like half the European Union, or three times Spain, or even 1/6 of Canada). This on the other hand amounts to 0.6% of the land of UMMO.
NR18 This map does not represent our continent OUMMOAA in its entirety but an area of approximately 2100 x 1400 kilometres containing the great equatorial peninsula (Tr. N. In French: "presqu'île", almost-island) called WOAROO AAXAA. This heavily urbanized island houses our legislative and religious centres. It groups more than 200 million inhabitants, that is, about 8% of our global population (see note below).
We might ask: Was this region of WOAROO AAXAA not already named in the old letters? Let us look at letter D68-1
D68-1 The UMMOOEMII possesses the faculty of generating the Laws of our Planet. Periodically each group of 12 freely self-selected inhabitants elects by explicit vote a representative (AOUIAOEMII). In turn, 1728 of these elect by secret vote an OUIAOEMII, who is assigned the right to propose projects for the generation or modification of UAA (laws) and to vote on them within the UAAYUBAA.
It is the UAAYUBAA (GENERAL LEGISLATIVE CENTRE OF UMMO), A body located in the region of OAROO AAXAA 3.62 KOAE from the great colony bearing that name, immersed in an enormous forest of NAANAA and OBUANAA (Large trees unknown on Earth, with heart-shaped leaves). All the OUIAOEMII live in the surroundings with their families, in XAABI (DWELLING Towers) distinguished by their yellow colouring. In the centre of the valley stands the metal structure of the great hemispherical building.
In my opinion, by WOAROO AAXAA and OAROO AAXAA they mean one and the same enclave. Let us not forget that the Ummites tell us that, in trying to represent their words with the Latin alphabet and Spanish phonetics (or French in the case of NR18), they often meet the difficulty that no spelling perfectly suits the original sound and that therefore many alternative spellings are possible. If a Thai or a Ukrainian asked us to try to write one of their words with our alphabet and phonetics, we would find that in many cases there would be no letter in our phonetic palette suited to the sounds heard, and we would approximate with a sequence of letters recalling that sequence of sounds. If an Englishman pronounced the word "dictionary" before two Spaniards (who do not know English, of course) and those two people tried to represent it with our phonetics and alphabet, perhaps one would write "dexoneri" and the other "dicsoleri" or something similar. If a Frenchman pronounced "jupe" (skirt), perhaps we would transcribe "yip" or "sip" or "xip". For me it is certainly not hard to imagine an original word that may have been transcribed once as OAROO AAXAA and another time as WOAROO AAXAA, given the phonetic closeness of the two options in Spanish.
But let us look at more arguments. In letter D68-1 they say that the UAAYUBAA is a body located in the region of OAROO AAXAA and add; 3.62 KOAE from the great colony bearing that name. It seems they give that name OAROO AAXAA both to the region and to the colony. But what is a colony? Sometimes they seem to call the regions colonies (they speak of 9 colonies in NR18: The effectively inhabited area is divided into 9 geographical blocks or colonies, of which only the main colony WOAROO extends south of the equator of OUMMO. The other 8 colonies, representing 31% of the total area of this continent, are spread north of the equator and are arbitrarily separated by natural topological boundaries -rivers or arms of the sea.) and at other times they seem to use colony to name a kind of city (they would not speak of a distance of 3.62 KOAE (31.5 km) with respect to a region of several thousand square KOAE).
NR18 The legislative centre WOAROO AAXAA houses the seat of our council of OUMMO (OUMMOAELEWE), which is situated on the equator, to the north-east -according to the positioning of your map- of the great lake AOUWOA SAAOA.
We can indeed see on the map that to the north-east (bottom left) of lake AOUWOOA SAAOA there is a point where several lines converge. This could be the legislative centre WOAROO AAXAA where the UMMOAELEWE resides. What I want to stress is that in letter NR18 the name WOAROO AAXAA designates both the peninsula or region and the exact site where the legislative centre is located. On the other hand, we have just seen that in letter D68-1 they use OAROO AAXAA for both the region and the exact place where the UAAYUBAA is situated, but let us not forget that: the UAAYUBAA (GENERAL LEGISLATIVE CENTRE OF UMMO). These coincidences seem perfect! We find a very good consistency (and informative amplification) between the old letters and NR18, and it seems quite probable that OAROO AAXAA and WOAROO AAXAA are different transcriptions of the same Ummite word.
Let us go on. But where is the rest of the continent OUMMOAA?
First of all they tell us that WOAROO AAXAA is a peninsula. If we look at the map we see only on the left what could be the isthmus joining WOAROO AAXAA to the great continent. Moreover, NR18 advises us to extend the lines crossing the map, since they converge towards inhabited centres.
NR18 I suggest that you extend, on the map, the lines converging towards different population concentrations of colonies directly neighbouring WOAROO AAXAA.
With the data we have, we could imagine for the surroundings of the almost-island WOAROO AAXAA something like this (land in green, sea in blue):

The Ummites tell us that the land constitutes, almost entirely, a single, very indented continent OUMMOAA (UMMOAA according to letter D41-1, which matches the Spanish phonetics). They add that 68% of the continent lies to the south (top, according to the orientation they give their maps) and 31% to the north (bottom of the map)
NR18 : On OUMMO there is only one single, vast and very indented continent. For historical reasons, the upper part of this continent -situated to the south for you-, which constitutes about 68% of the land area, is very sparsely populated. The effectively inhabited area is divided into 9 geographical blocks or colonies, of which only the main colony WOAROO extends south of the equator of OUMMO. The other 8 colonies, representing 31% of the total area of this continent, are spread north of the equator and are arbitrarily separated by natural topological boundaries -rivers or arms of the sea.
Before continuing, I am going to speculate a little on the possible reason why most of the continent (68%), situated to the south, is "very sparsely populated" "for historical reasons". We know from other letters that towards the end of their second era, in an attempt at an evolutionary leap, they decided to educate a whole generation without the contamination of "psychoviruses" from the previous one, and for this they isolated part of the continent. This episode is related several times in various Ummite letters. For example in D47-4
D47-4 As it was beyond doubt that a new generation subjected to fusion with Society would end up corrupting it, approximately 30 per cent of the Continent was set aside on the Planet so that the first germ of a Future society, without contamination from its progenitors, could develop there. In the Year 5902 of the second Time, the gigantic Plan called IGIAAYUYISAA began to be put into practice. The whole educational Plan was built on the basis of the reform of Reflexes from the instant at which the UUYIE (GIRL) or UUGEE (MALE INFANT) was separated from its mother by the instantaneous cauterization of the umbilical cord. After the educational period OUTSIDE THE INFLUENCE AND CONTACT OF THEIR PROGENITORS (Note that this was a necessary measure at that time, when parents were not yet, as today, trained to give such education and formation to their children), that youth began its Social experience far from that other Society, with which it only maintained contacts for cultural exchange, and that through qualified persons.
It may be a coincidence (the fact that the region currently occupied by the 8 colonies amounts to 31% of the continent), but let us look at other supports for the idea that 8 of the 9 colonies (all except WOAROO) are located in the area set aside for the "new generation", where it developed outside the psychic "contamination" of the old one at the end of the second time. In NR18 they tell us that the southern part of the continent (68%) is very sparsely populated for historical reasons, and add:
NR18 17% of our population is spread over the central colony WOAROO -which includes WOAROO AAXAA-, situated in the upper equatorial region of this continent, and which contains the main historical vestiges of our now abolished past.
It would seem as if the transition old society -> new society could have extended quite a long time (Black Night??). Until the moment the old society died out, the two social networks must have lived side by side on the same planet. It is quite possible that the habit of living on only a third of the planet created an inertia, and that when the old society finally disappeared, they went on living in that part of the continent (30%), re-occupying only part of the colony of WOAROO (almost 40% in extent of the inhabited land) and mainly its historical centre, the island of WOOAROO AAXAA.
Given that land is 38% of the total area, and given that 68% of it lies south of the equator (top on their maps), this would give us that 26% (38% x 68% = 26%) of the total area of the planet would be land in the southern hemisphere (top), and that 12% (38% x 31% = 12%) of the area of the planet would be land in the northern hemisphere (bottom)

Of course I do not mean to suggest that the continent OUMMOAA has this very geometric appearance, but only to outline its magnitudes.
NR18 says:
NR18: On OUMMO there is nothing but one single, vast and very indented continent.
NR18 I must also add that half of the total area -the marshy regions in the centre of our continent, the polar zone as well as the two attached sub-polar blocks- has been made into nature reserves, and only some specialists in planetary ecology, botany or zoology who wish to study the fauna, the flora and the natural evolution of the environment reside there temporarily.
NR18 The polar zone, including two sub-polar peninsulas, makes up 9% of the total territory. It is frozen and desert.
With all this: "very indented continent", "the polar zone as well as the two attached sub-polar blocks" and "The polar zone, including two sub-polar peninsulas, makes up 9%", and knowing moreover that the southern zone of the continent (68%) is formed by an upper part (50% of the land, uninhabited and containing the South pole and two sub-polar peninsulas) and a lower one between the tropic and the equator (18%) that constitutes the colony of WOOAROO, we can draw (one possible solution among those that may occur to us that respect these data)

In order to delimit somewhat the inhabited zones (50%), and within these those situated to the north (31%, bottom) and the one to the south (19%, between the equator and the tropics), and the uninhabited zones (50%), with the marshy zones in the centre of the continent as well as the polar region (9%) with its two attached peninsulas, let us go over NR18
NR18 I must also add that half of the total area -the marshy regions in the centre of our continent, the polar zone as well as the two attached sub-polar blocks- has been made into nature reserves, and only some specialists in planetary ecology, botany or zoology who wish to study the fauna, the flora and the natural evolution of the environment reside there temporarily.
NR18 The polar zone, including two sub-polar peninsulas, makes up 9% of the total territory. It is frozen and desert.
NR18 Our 8 peripheral colonies represent approximately 31% of the total area of OUMMOAA. The inhabited zone of the colony of WOAROO extends over approximately 19% within a territorial band situated approximately between the upper tropical zone and the equator.
With all this, let us see my geographical proposal...:
And now, where do they really live? It seems they use very little of their planet to live on. If they inhabited their planet uniformly, we would have a population density of 10 inhabitants per km2. However, they tell us that the real density on the land they inhabit is about 100 inhabitants per km2. This tells us that they inhabit barely 10% of the land area of the planet.
NR18 : The global area of the land zones being about 250·106 km2, it is easy to deduce an average population density of approximately 10 inhabitants per km2, but this average value would give a very distorted idea of the distribution of our population, 83% of which is grouped in 8 sub-equatorial colonies (see note 4), in which the average population density, calculated on the area of the effectively inhabited land, varies between 3·123 and 6·123 inhabitants per square KOAEE -that is, between 68 and 136 inhabitants per km2.
Let us look in even more detail at how the population is distributed.
They tell us that the 8 colonies extending north (bottom) of the equator house 83% of the total population of UMMO (83% of which is grouped in 8 sub-equatorial colonies), but these 8 colonies occupy 62% of the inhabited area of UMMO (31% out of 50%). On the other hand, in the ninth inhabited colony, WOOAROO, which occupies 38% of the inhabited area, lies the peninsula of WOOAROO AAXAA, which with barely 1% of the area houses 200 million people, that is, 8% of the population (It groups more than 200 million inhabitants, that is, about 8% of our global population). Therefore in the rest of WOAROO (possibly the zone of the planet where the old generation lived until it disappeared), which represents almost 40% of the inhabited area (37%), only 9% of the population lives. We see, then, that if we except the almost-island WOOAROO AAXAA, which contains the legislative and executive centres and the computer centre of the planet, almost the entire population is concentrated in 31% of the planet, which would mean a population density of approximately 28 inhabitants per km2. As even so they tell us that their real population density on the land they occupy is between 68 and 136 inhabitants per km2 (The global area of the land zones being about 250·106 km2, it is easy to deduce an average population density of approximately 10 inhabitants per km2, but this average value would give a very distorted idea of the distribution of our population, 83% of which is grouped in 8 sub-equatorial colonies (see note 4), in which the average population density, calculated on the area of the effectively inhabited land, varies between 3·123 and 6·123 inhabitants per square KOAEE -that is, between 68 and 136 inhabitants per km2.), this tells us that they really occupy approximately a third of the northern zone of the planet (the part below the equator in the representation of their maps).
We also have more information that allows us to imagine something of the climate of UMMO.
1- IUMMA is a star much less luminous than our Sun. With 75% of the mass of the sun, it must have a luminosity of approximately 15% to 20% of the sun's, and a radius of 75 of the sun's. Since UMMO orbits at a distance of 0.66 AU (Astronomical Unit: Earth-Sun distance), that is, like Venus with respect to the Sun, the energy per unit area received on UMMO from IUMMA in the tropical zone will be approximately 40% of what we receive on Earth [ EU = (1 / 0.662) x 0.18 ET = 0.41 ET ], that is, like what is received at a latitude of 65º on Earth (a little further north than Helsinki) during the equinoxes. Therefore from the outset we can assume a climate between the tropics similar to that of Finland at the beginning of spring or the end of summer.
2- The greenhouse effect due to the massive presence of CO2 -and of other gases such as methane- in the atmosphere of UMMO (1.8% of CO2 on UMMO compared with 0.1% on Earth) will make the planet retain heat much more and the climate much less extreme than on Earth; it will therefore be a climate more like that of Finland at the end of summer.
3- As the nights are longer, the mornings will be quite cold, and so they tell us, for example, in letter D41-3: It is -we were saying- 196 uiw. On the horizon a soft glow between indigo and reddish begins to be glimpsed, characteristic of the appearance of IUMMAA. Outside the XAABI a temperature equivalent to 3 terrestrial degrees centigrade is recorded. and D41-9: The nights of UMMO are cold even during the periods when our Star IUMMA directs its rays almost perpendicularly onto the equatorial regions.
4- given that the axis of UMMO is inclined only 18º 40' (23º 27' on Earth) with respect to the ecliptic, the seasons on UMMO must be very little marked (After this study, in letter NR21, the Ummites state that the seasons -and even more so between the tropics, where they live- are undetectable).
5- We could therefore imagine a climate in the inhabited zones like that of northern Finland at the end of September, but with longer days and nights and a temperature varying little throughout the year and between day and night (between +20 ºC and -5 ºC at its extremes, I imagine). In any case, if, as they say, there are no seasons, one must imagine an eternal cool spring, Finland-style (they also tell us that their landscape is very wooded and full of lakes), in contrast with our tropical climates, in which there are no seasons either (apart from rainfall patterns) and which we could describe as eternal hot springs.
With all this, let us see a possible solution compatible with their data.
